专科护士团队在多学科联合减重门诊中的实践

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.05.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的总结专科护士团队在多学科联合减重门诊中的实践经验。方法 2020年6月—2021年9月由糖尿病专科护士、营养专科护士、康复专科护士、心理专科护士、中医专科护士组成团队,从代谢状态、营养、运动和心理等方面为减重门诊患者提供综合评估、个体化干预及阶段性随访等体重管理措施。比较干预6个月前后患者生活方式、焦虑状况、抑郁状况、肥胖相关测量指标、糖脂代谢指标的变化。结果 47例患者干预6个月后体重、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及胰岛素抵抗指数较减重前均明显下降,不良生活方式和焦虑、抑郁的发生率较干预前明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论专科护士团队在多学科联合减重门诊对超重或肥胖患者实施全程规范化管理,能减轻患者体重,改善其焦虑、抑郁情绪和代谢状态。

关键词: 超重, 肥胖, 营养, 减重, 专科护士, 门诊, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To summarize the valuable experience of the specialist nurse team in the multidisciplinary outpatient care on weight-loss. Methods The team consists of diabetes nurses,nutrition nurses,rehabilitation nurses,psychiatric nurses and traditional Chinese medicine nurses,providing a comprehensive assessment,individualized weight management and follow ups based on metabolic,nutritional and behavioral aspects for patients in outpatient setting. Results Our specialist nurse team followed 47 patients for 6 months.Body weight,total cholesterol（TC）,triglyceride（TG）,low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） and insulin resistance index（HOMA-IR） were significantly reduced compared to baseline. Moreover,the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle,anxiety and depression was also significantly lower than baseline（P<0.05）. Conclusion The specialized nurse team has provided the comprehensive and standard weight management for overweight or obese patients,which helps the patients to lose weight,improve anxiety,depression and metabolism state in the multidisciplinary outpatient care on weight loss.

Key words: Overweight, Obesity, Nutrition, Weight Loss, Specialist Nurses, Outpatient, Nursing Care

郭晓迪, 朱延华, 杨奕, 单玲玲, 刘书红, 王玉婵, 曾咏梅, 陈燕铭, 胡细玲. 专科护士团队在多学科联合减重门诊中的实践[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(5): 569-575.

GUO Xiaodi, ZHU Yanhua, YANG Yi, SHAN Lingling, LIU Shuhong, WANG Yuchan, ZENG Yongmei, CHEN Yanming, HU Xiling. Experience of the specialist nurse team in the multidisciplinary outpatient care on weight-loss[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2022, 57(5): 569-575.

图/表 3

表1 47例减重患者的一般资料

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 47 patients with weight loss

表2 干预6个月前后患者的生活方式和焦虑抑郁状况比较[n=47,例（百分率,%）]

Table 2 Comparison of lifestyle characteristics,anxiety and depression status before and after intervention for 6 months[n=47,case（percent,%）]

表3 干预6个月前后患者的糖脂代谢指标的比较（$\bar{x}±s$,n=47）

Table 3 Glucose and lipid metabolism at baseline and 6 months of intervention（$\bar{x}±s$,n=47）

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