糖尿病患者结肠镜检查肠道准备护理方案的构建与应用

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.05.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的构建糖尿病患者结肠镜检查肠道准备护理方案并探讨其临床应用效果。方法运用德尔菲法构建糖尿病患者结肠镜检查肠道准备护理方案,包括4个肠道准备干预时机、5个肠道准备干预关键点、15条护理干预指导内容。方便选取福建省某三级甲等医院2020年8月—2021年1月行结肠镜检查的300例糖尿病患者作为应用对象,按结肠镜检查的时间先后分为试验组和对照组,每组各150例。试验组运用糖尿病患者结肠镜检查肠道准备护理方案,对照组予以常规的肠道准备指导。比较两组肠道准备充分率、腺瘤检出率、肠道准备依从性及不良反应发生情况等结局指标的差异。结果试验组的肠道准备充分率、腺瘤检出率、肠道准备依从性均高于对照组（P<0.05）,试验组肠道准备过程中出现恶心、腹胀及低血糖的例数少于对照组（P<0.05）。结论应用糖尿病患者肠道准备护理方案可提高患者的肠道准备充分率、腺瘤检出率、肠道准备依从性,减少其肠道准备过程不良反应的发生,缓解患者肠道准备过程中的不适感。

关键词: 糖尿病, 结肠镜检查, 肠道准备, 患者依从性, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To construct a nursing plan for the quality of bowel preparation of diabetic patients,and to explore effects of its application. Methods The Delphi expert consultation method was used to construct a nursing plan for the intestinal preparation of diabetic patients. The plan includes 4 times of intestinal preparation intervention,5 key points of intestinal preparation intervention and 15 guiding contents of nursing intervention. 300 patients who underwent colonoscopy in the digestive endoscopy center of a tertiary general hospital in Fujian Province from August 2020 to January 2021 were selected as the research subjects,using the experimental research method. The research participants are grouped in chronological order,and finally 150 cases were included in the actual research subject control group and 150 cases in the experimental group. The control group was given regular bowel preparation guidance,and the experimental group used diabetic colonoscopy on the basis of routine care. The adequacy rate of bowel preparation,the detection rate of adenoma,the compliance of bowel preparation and the occurrence of adverse reactions of the 2 groups were compared. Results The bowel preparation adequacy rate,colon adenoma detection rate,and bowel preparation compliance ratio of the experimental group were all higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. The number of cases of nausea,abdominal distension and hypoglycemia in bowel preparation in the experimental group were Less than it in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of the intestinal preparation nursing intervention program for diabetic patients can effectively improve the bowel preparation adequacy rate,the detection rate of polyps,and the compliance of intestinal preparation;reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions during the intestinal preparation process,and alleviate the intestinal preparation of patients.

Key words: Diabetes, Colonoscope, Bowel Preparation, Patient Compliance, Nursing Care

蔡丽华, 李红, 何利平, 王丽珍. 糖尿病患者结肠镜检查肠道准备护理方案的构建与应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(5): 555-562.

CAI Lihua, LI Hong, HE Liping, WANG Lizhen. Construction and application of a nursing plan for diabetic patients with bowel preparation quality[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2022, 57(5): 555-562.

图/表 4

图1 糖尿病患者肠道准备护理方案

Figure 1 Intestinal preparation nursing plan for diabetic patients

表1 两组一般资料比较

Table 1 Basic clinical characteristics between the two groups

表2 两组肠道准备结果及腺瘤检出率比较

Table 2 Comparison of intestinal preparation results and adenoma detection rates between the two groups

表3 两组肠道准备依从性及不良反应情况比较[例（百分率,%）]

Table 3 Comparison of bowel preparation compliance and adverse reactions between the two groups[cases（percentage,%）]

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