关键词: 加速康复外科, 小儿泌尿外科, 禁食, 禁水, 围手术期护理, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To study the feasibility and safety of shortening preoperative fasting time and early postoperative food intaking time under the guidance of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery（ERAS） concept in perioperative pediatric patients.Methods Pediatric patients undergoing elective surgery in urology department of a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province from November 15,2018,to March 15,2019,were selected and divided into the experimental group and the control group according to the time,in the experimental group,200 patients were treated with an individual diet plan according to the operation time;in the control group,200 patients were treated with traditional preoperative fasting methods. The actual preoperative fasting time and postoperative feeding time were compared between two groups,the clinical manifestation of thirst,hunger,crying,aspiration,postoperative nausea and vomiting,abdominal distension,and parents satisfaction were observed.Results Compared with the control group,the actual preoperative fasting time was significantly reduced in the experimental group（P<0.001）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of aspiration,postoperative nausea and vomiting and abdominal distension（P>0.05）. Perioperative thirst and hunger score,and crying rate in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group,parents satisfaction was higher,and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.01）.Conclusion Applying the concept of ERAS,it is safe and feasible to shorten preoperative fasting time and earlier postoperative food intaking time,which can reduce the discomfort and promote the early recovery of pediatric patients.

Key words: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery（ERAS）, Pediatric Urology, Fasting, Water Deprivation, Perioperative Nursing, Pediatric Nursing