Table of Content

10 November 2022, Volume 57 Issue 21

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Research Paper

Construction of a nursing-sensitive quality indicator system in wound and ostomy care

WANG Ning, LÜ Lin, YANG Limei, WANG Xiaoping, HAN Lin

2022, 57(21):  2565-2571.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.001

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Objective To construct a localized，scientific，and reliable nursing-sensitive quality indicator system，in order to provide standardized tools for evaluating the quality of wound and ostomy care. Methods This study is based on the theory of "structure-process-result" quality evaluation model，using evidence-based analysis and semi-structured interview to formulate the consultation questionnaire，and the Delphi method and Analytic Hierarchy Process are employed to determine the content of the system and the weight of each indicator. Results The effective recovery rates of the 2 rounds of questionnaires were 94.1% and 100%;the authority coefficients of experts were 0.897 and 0.931;the Kendall harmony coefficients of expert opinions were 0.110~0.156，0.162~0.196 respectively. Finally，a nursing-sensitive quality indicator system of wound and ostomy care was constructed，including 3 first-level indicators，8 second-level indicators，and 20 third-level indicators. Conclusion The system shows strong scientificity，as well as excellent reliability and clinical applicability，which is consistent with the characteristic of clinical practice and nursing management of wound and ostomy care，and it can provide references for objectively evaluating the quality of specialist care.

Special Planning--Maintenance Hemodialysis Care

Application of upper limb rehabilitation exercise in maintenance hemodialysis patients

FAN Xiaobo, JIANG Yanping, ZHANG Xiaoyan, LI Chunmei, LI Qianqian, CUI Li

2022, 57(21):  2572-2577.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.002

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Objective To evaluate the effect of upper limb rehabilitation exercises on maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods A total of 77 patients who received maintenance hemodialysis treatment in the blood purification center from October to December 2021 were selected and divided into a control group（n=39） and an experimental group（n=38） according to random number table. The experimental group received the upper limb rehabilitation training on the basis of routine nursing care，and the control group only received routine nursing care. The hand grip strength，range of shoulder motion，arteriovenous fistula blood flow，and cephalic vein diameter on the non arteriovenous fistula side were compared between the 2 groups before and 3 months after the intervention. Results Before the intervention，there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in hand grip strength，range of shoulder motion，blood flow of arteriovenous fistula and the diameter of cephalic vein on the non arteriovenous fistula side（P>0.05）. After the intervention，the grip strength on the side of arteriovenous fistula（t=-2.350，P=0.022），grip strength on the side of non arteriovenous fistula（t=-3.693，P<0.001），abduction of shoulder joint on the side of arteriovenous fistula（t=-2.468，P=0.016），external rotation（t=-5.167，P<0.001），internal rotation（t=-2.059，P=0.043），blood flow of arteriovenous fistula（t=-2.020，P=0.047） and diameter of cephalic vein on the side of non arteriovenous fistula（t=-5.229，P<0.001） in the experimental group increased，compared with those in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion Rehabilitation exercises for upper limbs can help to improve the upper limb function and maintain arteriovenous fistula in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Investigation and analysis of influencing factors related to dysmobility syndrome in maintenance hemodialysis patients

ZHU Zhangyi, ZHANG Kun, LI Xin, YU Chen, XU Fanglei, REN Pengna, WANG Aili

2022, 57(21):  2578-2584.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.003

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Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of dysmobility syndrome（DMS） in maintenance hemodialysis（MHD） patients，and to provide theoretical bases for clinical prevention. Methods Data of MHD patients with the age of over 45 years and dialysis time of over 3 months were collected from a hemodialysis center of a Shanghai hospital from September to December 2020. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry，body composition analyzer and dynamometer were used to measure human parameters. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent influencing factors. Results The overall incidence of DMS in MHD patients was 48.6%（71 cases）. Logistic regression identified that patients with and without DMS were statistically different（P<0.05）in MIS（OR=3.344），concentric obesity（OR=3.932），knee extension strength/weight（OR=5.772），phase angle（OR=6.206），history of cerebrovascular（OR=3.855），cardiovascular（OR=3.431） disease and anemia（OR=0.188）. Conclusion The incidence of DMS in middle-aged and elderly MHD patients was high. MIS≥8，concentric obesity，low knee extensor muscle strength/weight and phase angle，history of anemia，cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease are influencing factors of DMS in MHD patients. Health staff should evaluate influencing factors early to decrease the incidence of DMS.

Influence of stigma on psychological distress among young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients

HE Lifang, LI Qianqian, GAN Xiang

2022, 57(21):  2585-2591.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.004

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Objective To explore the mediating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between stigma and psychological distress in young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients，and the moderating effect of family cohesion. Methods The Stigma Scale，Self-esteem Scale，Family Cohesion Scale and Psychological Pain Thermometer were used to investigate 382 young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients from 4 hospitals in Fuzhou and Putian by convenience sampling from June to December，2021. The correlation analysis was carried out by SPSS 26.0 software. Model 4 in PROCESS macro program was used to analyze the mediating effect and Model 58 was used to analyze the moderating effect. Results The detection rate of psychological distress was 59.7% in young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients. There were significant correlations among stigma，self-esteem，family cohesion and psychological distress（P<0.001）. Self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between stigma and psychological distress（β=-0.22，t=-3.85，P<0.001），and family cohesion moderated the mediating effect（β=0.19，t=5.08，P<0.001）. High family cohesion weakened the effect of stigma on self-esteem，and vice versa. Conclusion Stigma is not only a direct positive predictor of psychological distress，but also has an indirect effect on psychological distress through self-esteem，and family cohesion moderates this process. Narrative family therapy can be used to reduce stigma，improve family cohesion，protect patients’ self-esteem and alleviate the psychological pain of young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Nursing care of a case of renal failure complicated by cardiac arrest after hemodialysis

LIU Haiying, SHEN Yuehao, MA Yanqiu, HUANG Dongxue, GAO Yan, LIN Mei

2022, 57(21):  2592-2595.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.005

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To summarize the nursing experience of a patient with chronic renal failure complicated by cardiac arrest after hemodialysis. The main points of nursing care included：cardiac arrest resuscitation combined with target temperature management to improve neurological prognosis;a multidisciplinary health care team to make joint decisions on the implementation of bedside echocardiography capacity，vigilance against the occurrence of allergic reactions and prevention of cardiac arrest;implementation of individualized hemodialysis care protocols and multiple forms of psychological care. After aggressive treatment and personalized care，the patient was discharged on the 14th day of hospitalization.

Evidence-based practice of exercise management in maintenance hemodialysis patients

DENG Jianhua, TIAN Xin, YANG Dan, YIN Yiyi, PENG Ke, WANG Liwei, HAO Yufang

2022, 57(21):  2596-2603.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.006

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Objective To search，analyze and summarize the relevant evidence of exercise of maintenance hemodialysis（MHD） patients，aiming to provide evidence of exercise management of MHD patients for clinical staff. Methods Based on the pyramid model of evidence，the relevant literature including exercise of MHD patients was searched by computer，including UpToDate，BMJ Best Practice，guidelines collaboration network，Joanna Briggs Institute，Cochrane Library，well-known databases at home and abroad，and renal professional association websites. The search time was from January 1，2017 to January 31，2022. There were 2 trained researchers in systematic evidence-based knowledge who evaluated the quality of the literature，combined with clinical judgment，selected the literature that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria，and extracted the evidence. Results A total of 10 articles were included and summarized as the best evidence，including 3 guidelines，2 expert consensuses，1 JBI recommended practice，3 JBI evidence summaries，and 1 systematic review. 35 pieces of best evidence were integrated，covering 7 aspects of MHD exercise management，namely the benefits of exercise，organizational management，exercise qualification screening，exercise medical evaluation，exercise prescipition management，the safety monitoring of exercise and exercise support plan. Conclusion The evidence of exercise of MHD patients provides effective standards for clinical staff. It is suggested that targeted evidence should be selected in combination with clinical situations，promoting factors，hindering factors and patients’ wishes when the evidence is applied.

Summary of the best evidence for prolonging the lifetime of autologous arteriovenous fistula

DU Aiyan, WANG Yawen, ZHAO Congmin, ZHANG Yuan, ZHOU Wei, SHI Xiaofen, CAI Yinghua

2022, 57(21):  2604-2610.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.007

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Objective To search，evaluate and summarize the best evidence of prolonging the life length of arteriovenous fistula（AVF），in order to provide a basis for medical staff to standardize the management of AVF. Methods The relevant evidence of prolonging the life length of AVF was systematically searched from domestic and foreign databases.The retrieval time is from the database construction to June 1，2021. Clinical decision-making，guidelines，evidence summaries，systematic evaluation，meta-analysis and expert consensuses are included. AGREE Ⅱ，the Document Quality Evaluation Criteria and Evidence Recommendation Level System（2014 edition） of JBI and AMSTAR 2 are used to evaluate the quality and evidence recommendation level of various studies. Results A total of 14 pieces of the literature were included in this study，including 2 clinical decisions，4 guidelines，1 expert consensus and 7 systematic reviews. 4 aspects of the evidence were summarized，including vascular protection，perioperative management，puncture and monitoring. Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence for prolonging the life length of AVF，and provides a basis for improving the nursing and protecting level of AVF and prolonging its lifetime.

Design and application of an operating table for arteriovenous fistula surgical operation

HU Jingxian, HAN Shuyu, ZHANG Lili, ZHANG Yuling, CHI Ping, SONG Yanli, ZHANG Shengli

2022, 57(21):  2611-2614.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.008

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Objective This study explored the application effects of a self-designed arteriovenous fistula operating table. Methods The self-designed arteriovenous fistula operating table includes 5 parts with an instrument panel，a hand support component，a stand bar，a base and omni-directional wheels.A total of 120 patients undergoing the arteriovenous fistula surgery in a tertiary hospital from January to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects. They were numbered according to the order of surgical scheduling，and they were divided into an experimental group and a control group by a random number table with 60 cases in each group. The experimental group used a self-designed arteriovenous fistula operating table for the operation，and the control group used the traditional operating table. Time for skin disinfection，and the satisfaction of patients and medical staff with the arteriovenous fistula operating table in 2 groups were observed and compared. Results The skin disinfection time of the patients in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（t=-11.936，P<0.001）. The patients in the experimental group were more satisfied with the arteriovenous fistula operating table in terms of favorable supporting，comfort，time-saving and effort-saving than the patients in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（Z=-4.421，-3.235，-4.449，P<0.05）.The medical staff of the experimental group were more satisfied with the arteriovenous fistula operating table in terms of disinfection，convenient operation，saving time and saving effort than the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（Z=-4.861，-2.709，-4.464，P<0.05）. Conclusion The arteriovenous fistula operating table is convenient to operate，favorable for patients’ supporting，time-saving and effort-saving，which can help to improve the comfort and satisfaction of patients with arteriovenous fistula surgery，and improve the work efficiency of medical staff.

Specialist Practice and Research

Development and reliability and validity test of Self-Management Behavior Assessment Scale for Lung Cancer Survivors

XIANG Jialian, NING Li, CHEN Yujing, CAI Lingzhi, WANG Li, XIA Yun, TAN Yaling

2022, 57(21):  2615-2621.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.009

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Objective To develop a Self-Management Behavior Assessment Scale for Lung Cancer Survivors in China，and to test its reliability and validity. Methods Guided by the self-management theory，on the basis of literature analysis and semi-structured interviews，the first draft of the scale was formed through the Delphi expert enquiry，group discussion and preliminary investigation. From April to October 2021，564 lung cancer survivors from a tertiary A hospital and a tumor hospital in Zhejiang province were selected to conduct the questionnaire survey，in order to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The formal scale includes 6 dimensions and 47 items in daily life management，symptom management，follow-up management，information and resource management，emotional management and hope management. The total Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.950，and the split-half reliability was 0.756. The content validity score was 0.966，and the structure validity KMO was 0.926，and a total of 6 common factors were extracted，which could explain 63.546% of the total variation. Conclusion The Self-Management Behavior Assessment Scale of Lung Cancer Survivors developed in this study has good reliability and validity，and it is suitable for the assessment of self-management behavior of lung cancer survivors.

Current situation and influencing factors of transitional care needs of elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery

SHEN Lanjun, XIA Lu, CHENG Yun

2022, 57(21):  2622-2628.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.010

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Objective To investigate the current situation of transitional care needs of elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 289 elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery were recruited from 2 tertiary A hospitals in Shanghai by convenience sampling method. They were investigated with the general information questionnaire and the questionnaire for assessing the transitional care needs of elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery. Results Elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery had a high degree of transitional care needs with a score of（88.92±14.59）. The dimensions were sorted from high to low according to the average score of the items：health education needs，medical communication and support needs，service mode needs，social support needs，and psychological care needs. The types of other combined diseases，per capita family monthly income，marital status，and the clinical departments visited by patients were the influencing factors of the transitional care needs（P<0.05）. Conclusion Elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery have a high degree of transitional care needs，and their needs are associated with many factors. Nurses should improve the transitional care program for ambulatory surgery based on the actual needs of patients，so as to provide targeted transitional care services for elderly patients undergoing ambulatory surgery with different characteristics.

Nursing Management

Investigation on the current situation of the use and management of medical nursing assistants in 44 tertiary hospitals

LI Fengdan, DING Yanming, DU Jiwei

2022, 57(21):  2629-2634.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.011

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Objective To investigate the current situation of the use and management of medical nursing assistants in 44 tertiary hospitals in China，and to provide the guidance for standardizing the management of nursing staff and deepening quality nursing services. Methods From April to August 2021，a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the heads of the medical nursing assistants in management departments of 44 tertiary hospitals or the corresponding third party service institutions in 10 provinces，autonomous regions and municipalities. Results Through the investigation of 24 tertiary first-class hospitals and 20 tertiary second-class hospitals，it was found that the current employment management mode of medical nursing assistants was mainly third-party service companies（54.2% of the first-class hospitals，60.0% of the second-class hospitals）. The training was divided into 2 stages，including pre-job and in-job. The Internet + training method was not adopted by most tertiary hospitals. The frequency of receiving in-job training and assessment was low. The in-service evaluation system of medical nursing assistants in tertiary hospitals was mainly carried out by third-party management agencies. The choice of working mode in the general wards and ICU of tertiary hospitals tend to be one-to-one mode. Conclusion At present，the employment and management mode of medical nursing assistants is diverse;the qualification certification needs to be standardized;the training and evaluation mechanism is not fully implemented;the management and evaluation system of work mode needs to be further standardized. It is necessary to strengthen the employment and management of medical nursing assistants，to formulate professional training，to establish a clear and accessible working system and evaluation system，to deepen high-quality nursing services and improve nursing quality.

Clinical Practice

Nursing care of a patient complicated with idiopathic hyperammonemia after double lung transplantation

ZENG Fei, LIANG Jiangshuyuan, LAN Meijuan, LIN Runqi

2022, 57(21):  2635-2638.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.012

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To summarize the nursing experience of a patient complicated with idiopathic hyperammonemia after double lung transplantation. Nursing points include the early warning of idiopathic hyperammonemia after lung transplantation;care of comprehensive ammonia lowering therapy，including intermittent hemodialysis and continuous kidney replacement therapy，drug ammonia lowering therapy，dynamic nutrition support care;special management of immunosuppressive drugs;continuous individualized training of transplanted lung function;care of cognitive impairment caused by cerebral cortex damage. After the active treatment，the patient was transferred，and the blood ammonia concentration returned to normal. The patient was discharged smoothly.

Nursing experience of a case with 3 valves failure undergoing transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement

ZHANG Shuli, SU Mingyang, CHEN Yali, LI Ling, ZHANG Mengting

2022, 57(21):  2639-2643.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.013

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To summarize the nursing experience of a patient with 3 valves failure who underwent transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement（TTVR）. Nursing points are as follows：conducting the preoperative visit of the patient’s surgery preparation，discussing the surgery plans，operation room preparation，intraoperative nursing cooperation，and paying attention to the protection of pipelines and blood vessels during transport and handover after operation. The patient successfully completed the TTVR without any accidents. The patient was transferred to the general ward 2 days after operation and was discharged 14 days after operation.

Evidence Synthesis Research

The real experience of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in pregnant women：a qualitative meta-synthesis

PU Congshan, FAN Xuemei, XIA Jiaai, ZHANG Yingying, LONG Wei, ZHOU Hui

2022, 57(21):  2644-2651.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.014

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Objective To systematically evaluate the disease experience and psychological feeling of pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy，and to provide the evidence for disease management measures for pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Methods Chinese and English databases，including SinoMed，CNKI，Wanfang，VIP，PubMed，Cochrane Library，Web of Science，Embase，PsycINFO，Proquest，CINAHL，were searched for qualitative studies on real experience of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in pregnant women from the inception of databases to November 10th 2021. The quality of included studies was evaluated according to JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies in Australia. The results were integrated by integrating methods. Results 16 studies were included in the final review. Totally 60 findings were extracted;12 new categories were generated;4 integrated results were synthesized as following，complex and lasting emotional response，breaking the pregnancy norm，seeking understanding and support，finding the benefits from experience. Conclusion Nurses should strengthen the dynamic assessment of the mental health of pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy，promote the establishment of a multi-coping system of medical care-family-self through coordinated and continuous maternal health care services，enhance the sense of pregnancy control of such pregnant women，reduce the adverse effects of disease factors on pregnancy outcomes and mental health，and ensure the safety of mothers and infants.

The improvement effect of 11 kinds of exercise protocols on elderly patients with sarcopenia：a network Meta analysis

WANG Lili, TIAN Liya, NIU Qi, LIU Weihua

2022, 57(21):  2652-2660.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.015

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Objective To evaluate the effect of 11 kinds of exercise training on the improvement of physical function，muscle strength，and muscle mass in elderly patients with sarcopenia by network Meta-analysis. Methods A systematic search of Web of Science，PubMed，Embase，Cochrane Library，CINAHL，CNKI，Chinese Biomedical Literature Database（CBM），WanFang and VIP was carried out to identify randomized control trials about the effect of exercise training on the improvement of elderly patients with sarcopenia from inception to January 2022. The network meta-analysis was performed by Stata 15.0 software. Results A total of 34 pieces of research involving 2 199 patients and 11 exercise training were included. The results of network meta-analysis indicated that resistance training，Baduanjin，whole body vibration training，group comprehensive training，and home comprehensive training could improve the physical function of elderly patients with sarcopenia compared with non-exercise controls（P<0.05）;resistance training and kettlebell training could significantly improve the grip strength of elderly patients with sarcopenia （P<0.05）;resistance training could improve the skeletal muscle index of elderly patients with sarcopenia （P<0.05）. Conclusion This study showed that resistance training is currently the best exercise intervention in elderly patients with sarcopenia，followed by group comprehensive training and whole body vibration training. However，more studies are still needed to further demonstrate.

Summary of the best evidence for exercise training in patients with peripheral artery disease

YANG Qin, ZHAO Yuming, HUANG Yan, XU Wenxiang, SU Xin, ZHUANG Hui, CHEN Yuan

2022, 57(21):  2661-2667.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.016

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Objective To search，summarize and evaluate the best evidence of exercise training in patients with peripheral arterial disease（PAD），which could further provide evidence-based medical bases for clinical exercise training intervention in patients with PAD. Methods All evidence on exercise training in patients with PAD were retrieved from UpToDate，Society for Vascular Surgery（SVS） website，European Society for Vascular Surgery（ESVS） website，Cochrane Library，PubMed，Springer Link，Embase，Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature（CINAHL），Med-live website，Chinese Society of Vascular Surgery，the Chao-Xing journal database，China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI），Wan-Fang database，and other Chinese and foreign technological journal databases. Evidence was obtained from guidelines，clinical decisions，expert consensuses，evidence summaries，systematic evaluation，and meta-analysis. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of databases until July 1，2021. There were 2 researchers who evaluated the literature quality and extracted the data. Results A total of 14 articles were included in the present analysis. A total of 20 pieces of best evidence were extracted from 7 aspects，including exercise safety，exercise timing，exercise mode，exercise intensity，exercise time，effect evaluation，and tips. Conclusion The exercise training could improve the walking ability and the quality of life of PAD patients. Thereby，it is recommended that exercise training intervention should be conducted while ensuring safety. The evidence summary process of this study is rigorous and comprehensive. In clinical practice，the medical staff should consider the actual application environment and individual situation of patients when using the evidence.

Review

Research progress on benefit finding of people living with HIV/AIDS

YANG Xianxia, ZHANG Yizhu, LI Ke, HAN Shuyu

2022, 57(21):  2668-2673.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.017

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This article reviewed the concept，evaluation tools，influencing factors and intervention programs of benefit finding for people living with HIV/AIDS. The study aims to provide references of positive psychology research for researchers and new ideas for patients’ psychological care. The ultimate goal is to improve the psychological health of people living with HIV/AIDS. In a conclusion，researchers found that there is still a large gap in the development of evaluation tools and intervention programs. In the future，researchers should pay more attention to the development of specific evaluation tools for people living with HIV/AIDS and develop intervention programs from positive psychology.

An international comparative study on nurse staffing policies：a scoping review

WANG Hui, LIU Yu, ZENG Tieying, WANG Ying, LI Miqi, YU Xiaoyan, DU Meichen, WANG Ying

2022, 57(21):  2674-2681.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.018

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Objective We review the scope of relevant nurse staffing policies at home and abroad，compare and analyze their characteristics，in order to provide references for the nurse staffing in China. Methods We systematically searched pubmed，web of science，CNKI，Wanfang and relevant websites of government，policy and international organization. The retrieval time is from the establishment of the databases to September 30，2021. Results 15 policy papers from 8 countries/regions were eventually included. In terms of configuration reference indexes，China and Northern Ireland adopted the bed-to-nurse ratio，while other countries/regions adopted the nurse-to-patient ratio. The nursing staff skill mix mainly includes registered nurses and non-registered nurses，and the proportion of nursing staff is various in different countries. 3 countries/regions have stipulated the allocation of nurse staffing in the emergency department. The nursing staffing allocation of the emergency department in China is based on the general standard of bed-to-nurse ratio;referring to the nurse-to-patient ratio，California in the US and Victoria in Australia further refine the nursing staffing allocation of emergency departments based on the work area or shifts. 5 countries/regions stipulate the allocation of the nurse staffing in the intensive care unit （ICU）. The reference basis of the allocation is different，and the ratio of nurse to patient in departments of critical care medicine is the highest in China. Conclusion It is necessary to further improve our nursing staffing policy，give full play to the application value of the nursing staff skill mix，continue to improve the allocation plan of emergency and critical care departments，and promote the implementation of the nurse staffing policy.

Research progress on status and management of fecal incontinence for patients with inflammatory bowel disease

XUE Wenjun, YANG Man, SHEN Lixiang

2022, 57(21):  2682-2688.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.21.019

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Fecal incontinence is one of the common symptoms of patients with inflammatory bowel disease，which often leads to the limitation of daily interpersonal communication and activities，and seriously affects the psychological state，life and work quality of patients. This paper summarized the concept，current situation，adverse effects，assessment tools and intervening measures of fecal incontinence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease，so as to provide references for the symptom management of fecal incontinence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and the development of related clinical research.