Objective To explore the effects of family dignity intervention on care burden and negative emotions in primary caregivers of elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment（MCI）. Methods We conveniently enrolled 80 pairs of MCI patients and their primary caregivers，and divided them into the experimental group（n=40 pairs）and the control group（n=40 pairs） based on the day of discharge. The control group was given conventional psychological care while family dignity intervention was added to the experimental group. Zarit Burden Scale，Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale，and Herth Hope Index were used to evaluate the effects before and after the intervention. Results After the intervention，the care burden score and anxiety depression score of the main caregivers in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group，and the hope index score was significantly higher than the control group，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Family dignity intervention can significantly relieve the burden of primary caregivers of elderly patients with MCI,effectively alleviate their negative emotions and improve level of hope.