艾滋病患者积极应对疾病的真实体验研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2021.03.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解艾滋病患者积极应对疾病的真实体验,为构建基于内外优势资源模式的艾滋病患者个案管理方案提供依据。方法 2019年11月—12月对某三级甲等艾滋病定点诊疗医院的30例艾滋病患者进行半结构式访谈,采用Colaizzi 7步法分析资料。结果提炼出2个主题。主题1为内部积极应对,包括接受患者角色、疾病应对能力提升及自我成长;主题2为外部积极应对,包括家庭支持、同伴支持、国家政策及社会支持。结论艾滋病患者能充分挖掘内部优势,提升疾病应对能力,并借助外部优势,提高治疗依从性。护士应以内外优势资源为引导,为艾滋病患者构建良好的外部支持体系,针对性地激发患者的内部优势,克服患者病耻感及自我歧视感,适应患者角色,促进健康行为的建立。

关键词: 艾滋病, 优势视角, 质性研究, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the real experience of AIDS patients using internal and external strength resources to cope with the disease,in order to provide references for the construction of AIDS patients case management plan based on internal and external strength resources model. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 AIDS outpatients and inpatients in a designated AIDS treatment institution of a Level A tertiary hospital from November to December 2019,and the data was analyzed by Colaizzi's seven-step method. Results 2 themes were extracted：Theme 1 is internal strength resources,including accepting the patient role,disease coping ability and self-growth;Theme 2 is the external strength resources,including family support,peer support,national policy support. Conclusion AIDS patients can fully utilize internal strength resources to improve disease coping ability and the treatment compliance with the help of external strength resources. We should build a good support mechanism for AIDS patients with the guidance of internal and external strength resources,so as to help them stimulate patients' self-efficacy,overcome stigma and self-discrimination,adapt to the role of patients,and promote the establishment of healthy behaviors.

Key words: AIDS, The Strengths Perspective, Qualitative Research, Nursing Care

余静, 谢幸尔, 钱湘云, 戚龙菊, 何佳枫, 庄勋. 艾滋病患者积极应对疾病的真实体验研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2021, 56(3): 399-403.

YU Jing, XIE Xinger, QIAN Xiangyun, QI Longju, HE Jiafeng, ZHUANG Xun. AIDS patients using internal and external strength resources to cope with the disease：a qualitative research[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2021, 56(3): 399-403.

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