降低住院患者医院获得性压力性损伤方案的制订及应用研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2020.12.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的制订并应用降低住院患者医院获得性压力性损伤方案,评价其应用效果。方法 2015年护理部通过了解现状和分析原因,制订了降低住院患者医院获得性压力性损伤方案,并将方案持续应用于临床5年,在应用过程中根据改进效果动态调整方案,将成果标准化并在此基础上研发了临床压力性损伤管理软件,实现了医院获得性压力性损伤的信息化管理。对比方案应用前（2013年—2014年）、方案应用后（2015年—2019年）医院获得性压力性损伤的发生例数、科室对压力性损伤管理的合格数,计算医院获得性压力性损伤发生率及管理合格率。结果方案实施后,医院获得性压力性损伤发生率由0.22%下降至0.01%,呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）,科室对压力性损伤的管理合格率由62.67%上升至98.82%,呈逐年上升趋势。结论该方案可有效降低住院患者医院获得性压力性损伤的发生,提高医院获得性压力性损伤管理的合格率,促进患者安全。

关键词: 住院患者, 医院获得性压力性损伤, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To develop and implement a program to reduce the incidence of Hospital-Acquired Pressure Ulcers（HAPU） among inpatients. Methods In 2015,the nursing department formulated a program to reduce HAPU based on the concept of continuous improvement of Deming’s quality idea through understanding the current situation and analyzing the reasons. The program had been carried out for 5 years and it was dynamically adjusted according to improvement outcomes. The results were standardized and the clinical software was developed to practice the information management of HAPU. The incidence rates of HAPU and the management qualification rates were compared before（2013—2014） and after（2015—2019） the program. Results The incidence rates of HAPU decreased from 0.22% to 0.01% significantly（P<0.001） and the qualification rates were ascended from 62.67% to 98.82% after the implementation of the program.Conclusion The program can reduce the incidence rates and improve the qualification rates of HAPU to promote patients’ safety.

Key words: Inpatients, Hospital-Acquired Pressure Ulcers, Nursing Care

刘捷,丁福. 降低住院患者医院获得性压力性损伤方案的制订及应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2020, 55(12): 1765-1769.

LIU Jie,DING Fu. Reduction of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers among inpatients：development and implementation of a protocol[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2020, 55(12): 1765-1769.

图/表 1

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