炎症性肠病患者运动自我效能影响因素分析及护理启示

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.11.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究炎症性肠病患者运动自我效能的潜在剖面特征，并分析不同类别的影响因素，为制订规范管理措施提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2023年6月—2024年5月在无锡市某三级甲等医院消化内科住院的342例炎症性肠病患者作为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、运动自我效能量表、运动锻炼行为阶段分布量表以及社会支持评定量表进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析、多元Logistic回归分析进行数据分析。结果回收有效问卷320份，有效问卷回收率为93.57%。炎症性肠病患者运动自我效能总分为（64.61±14.83）分，其运动效能分为3个潜在类别：低效能-躯体情绪组（n=64，20.00%）、中效能-工作冲突组（n=158，49.38%）和高效能-社交干扰组（n=98，30.62%）。职业状态、复发次数、合并慢性病、自评经济压力及社会支持水平是炎症性肠病患者运动自我效能潜在剖面分类的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论炎症性肠病患者的运动自我效能水平具有显著的异质性，且受多种因素影响。护士应基于患者的运动自我效能特点制订针对性的干预策略，以提升患者的运动效能和促进疾病康复。

关键词: 炎症性肠病, 运动自我效能, 潜在剖面分析, 影响因素分析, 护理

Abstract:

Objective In this study，the potential profile characteristics of exercise self-efficacy of patients with inflammatory bowel disease（IBD） were explored，and the influencing factors of different types of patients were analyzed，so as to provide a reference for nurses to formulate standardized management measures. Methods From June 2023 to May 2024，a total of 342 hospitalized patients with IBD in tertiary A hospital in Wuxi were recruited as research subjects by a convenience sampling method. The General Information Questionnaire，Exercise Self-efficacy Scale，Exercise Behavioral Stage Distribution Scale and the Social Support Rating Scale were used for investigation. The latent profile analysis was conducted to classify exercise self-efficacy levels，while multiple Logistic regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the influencing factors. Results A total of 320 valid questionnaires were collected，and the effective questionnaire recovery rate was 93.57%. The total score of exercise self-efficacy for IBD patients was（64.61±14.83） points. The exercise self-efficacy was classified into 3 latent categories：low efficacy-somatic emotion group（n=64，20.00%），medium efficacy-work conflict group（n=158，49.38%），and high efficacy-social interference group（n=98，30.62%）. Occupation，recurrence times，comorbid chronic diseases，self-assessed economic pressure，and social support level were found to be influencing factors of the latent profile classification of exercise self-efficacy in IBD patients（P<0.05）. Conclusion The levels of exercise self-efficacy of patients with IBD are significantly heterogeneous，and there are several important influencing factors. Nursing staff should formulate targeted intervention strategies based on the characteristics of exercise self-efficacy in such patients，so as to improve patients’ exercise self-efficacy and the effectiveness of disease rehabilitation.

Key words: Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Exercise Self-Efficacy, Latent Profile Analysis, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care

骆燕芳, 张雷雷, 朱凌云, 虞晓琰, 鹿炳媛, 刘莹, 刘天浩, 孙仁娟, 苏珍珍. 炎症性肠病患者运动自我效能影响因素分析及护理启示[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(11): 1315-1322.

LUO Yanfang, ZHANG Leilei, ZHU Lingyun, YU Xiaoyan, LU Bingyuan, LIU Ying, LIU Tianhao, SUN Renjuan, SU Zhenzhen. Influencing factors and nursing enlightenment of exercise self-efficacy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(11): 1315-1322.

图/表 5

表1 炎症性肠病患者的一般资料及运动自我效能的单因素分析[例（百分比，%）]

Table 1 General information and univariate analysis of potential profiles of exercise self-efficacy among IBD patients [cases（percentage，%）]

表2 炎症性肠病患者运动自我效能潜在剖面模型拟合指标（n=320）

Table 2 The fitting indices of latent profile models of exercise self-efficacy in IBD patients（n=320）

图1 炎症性肠病患者运动自我效能3个潜在剖面的特征分布

Figure 1 Characteristics of 3 potential profiles of exercise self-efficacy in IBD patients

表3 自变量赋值情况

Table 3 Assignment of independent variables

表4 炎症性肠病患者运动自我效能3个潜在剖面的多元Logistic回归分析（n=320）

Table 4 Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of 3 potential profiles of exercise self-efficacy among IBD patients（n=320）

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