关键词: 衰弱, 老年人, 运动, 促进与阻碍因素, 质性研究, Meta整合, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To systematically evaluate the factors that promote and hinder exercise in frail older adults，and to provide references for the formulation of exercise intervention programs. Methods We searched PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，CINAHL，Cochrane library，CNKI，Wanfang，VIP database，and China Biomedical Literature Database for qualitative studies on exercise facilitators and hindrances in frail older adults，and the search time period was from the establishment of the databases to September 1，2024. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Joanna Brigg Institute Australian Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research（2016），and the results were integrated by integrating methods. Results A total of 18 studies were included，and 72 research results were extracted，and 10 categories were summarized. The final synthesis included 2 integrated results：the facilitators included personal exercise motivation，physical and psychological benefits，positive interpersonal interactions，multiple social support systems and person-centred exercise programme；the impediments included underlying diseases and somatic functional limitations，negative psychological status，low health literacy，family role conflicts and limits of the environment. Conclusion Exercise for frail older adults is affected by a variety of factors. Healthcare professionals should improve the positive perception of exercise for frail older people and help them overcome psychological barriers；establish an all-round support system to enhance the sense of social contact of the frail elderly；formulate a personalised exercise programme with a human-centred approach to enhance the motivation of the frail elderly.

Key words: Frailty, Aged, Exercise, Promoting and Hindering Factors, Qualitative Research, Meta Synthesis, Evidence-Based Nursing