老年人久坐行为干预策略的范围综述

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.08.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的通过范围综述明确现有老年人久坐行为干预策略的特征、有效性及干预策略中所使用的行为改变技术。方法以Arksey和O’Malley提出的范围综述方法框架为指导，检索PubMed、Embase、PsycINFO、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、久坐行为研究数据库，收集老年人久坐行为干预策略相关文献，检索时间从建库至2022年9月20日。2名研究者独立筛选文献和提取资料，采用描述性分析和社会网络分析对文献进行汇总。结果共纳入31项独立研究，发表于2011年—2022年。其中，干预策略多以社会认知理论为基础，久坐行为干预策略均针对个人心理和行为层面。干预内容主要包括目标和计划、反馈和监测、自然后果、社会支持、重复和替代等。久坐行为干预策略社会网络中，度中心性排名靠前的行为改变技术包括目标设定（行为）、行为自我监控、行动计划、健康后果的信息、行为反馈等。干预策略可减少23~151 min/d的久坐时间。结论应重视老年人久坐行为，并基于现有久坐行为干预策略的特征、有效性和行为改变技术，开发适用于本土情境的老年人久坐行为干预策略。

关键词: 老年人, 久坐行为, 干预策略, 行为改变技术, 范围综述

Abstract:

Objective A scoping review was performed to identify the effectiveness，characteristics，and behavior change techniques of intervention strategies for reducing sedentary behavior among older adults. Methods This study was guided by the scope review methodology framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. A comprehensive search of databases was conducted in PubMed，Embase，PsycINFO，Cochrane Library，CINAHL，and Sedentary Behavior Research Database to collect the literature on intervention strategies for reducing sedentary behavior among older adults. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to September 20，2022. The study selection and data extraction were performed independently by 2 reviewers. The resulting data were analyzed and arranged using the descriptive analysis and the social network analysis. Results A total of 31 separate studies published between 2011 and 2022 were included in this study. Most intervention strategies were developed based on the Social Cognitive Theory. Almost all sedentary behavior intervention strategies targeted the psychological and behavioral levels of the individual. The main contents of the intervention strategies included goals and plans，feedback and monitoring，natural consequences，social support，repetition and substitution. In the social network analysis，the behavior change techniques that ranked high in degree centrality included goal-setting（behavior），self-monitoring of behavior，action planning，information about health consequences，and feedback on behavior. These intervention strategies could reduce sedentary time from 23 to 151 min/day. Conclusion Domestic nursing researchers should pay attention to sedentary behavior in older adults，and develop intervention strategies for reducing sedentary behavior in local contexts based on the effectiveness，characteristics，and behavior change techniques of the existing sedentary behavior intervention strategies.

Key words: Aged, Sedentary Behavior, Intervention Strategy, Behavior Change Technique, Scoping Review

张小艳, 李学靖, 杨丹, 孟美琪, 郝玉芳. 老年人久坐行为干预策略的范围综述[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(8): 1012-1020.

ZHANG Xiaoyan, LI Xuejing, YANG Dan, MENG Meiqi, HAO Yufang. Intervention strategies for reducing sedentary behavior among older adults：a scoping review[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(8): 1012-1020.

图/表 4

图1 PubMed检索策略

Figure 1 Search strategies of PubMed

图2 文献筛选流程

Figure 2 Flow diagram of literature screening process

表1 久坐行为干预策略的主要内容（n=31）

Table 1 Contents of sedentary behavior intervention strategies（n=31）

表2 久坐行为干预策略中行为改变技术的度中心性

Table 2 Degree centrality of the behavior change techni-ques used in sedentary behavior intervention strategies

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