关键词: 住院患者, 老年人, 跌倒风险, 风险感知, 安全护理

Abstract:

Objective The differences between fall risk and risk perception of hospitalized elderly patients were analyzed to provide references for improving fall assessment strategies，improving the accuracy of fall perception of hospitalized elderly patients，and accurately preventing falls. Methods A total of 468 hospitalized elderly patients in Zhejiang province were recruited from December 2022 to February 2023. The general information questionnaire，the Fall Risk Perception Scale for Older Adults and Morse Fall Scale were used to investigate the difference between fall risk and risk perception. Results In this group，the fall risk was 45.0（30.0，55.0），showing a high level，and the fall risk perception was 62.5（47.3，75.0），showing a medium level. There was no significant difference in the risk perception scores of hospitalized elderly patients with different risk levels（H=4.048，P>0.05）. There were 169 cases（67.6%） of under-perception in the high-risk group，38 cases（32.8%） of under-perception in the middle risk group，35 cases（30.2%） of over-perception in the middle risk group，and 66 cases（64.7%） of over-perception in the low risk group. The factors affecting fall risk and risk perception are basically similar. Univariate analysis showed that age，smoking，drinking，vision，activity pattern，sleep，medical payment and fall history in the last 3 months were influencing factors of fall risk in hospitalized elderly patients（P<0.05），and age，education level，drinking，sleep and fall history in the last 3 months were influencing factors of fall risk perception in hospitalized elderly patients（P<0.05）. The main difference was that education was related to risk perception，but not to fall risk. Conclusion Elderly hospitalized patients have a higher risk of falling，and there are problems of fall perception bias. It is suggested that in the prevention of falls，it is not only necessary to evaluate the fall risk of elderly hospitalized patients，but also to evaluate the perception of their own risk，so as to achieve individualized and precise protection.

Key words: Inpatients, Aged, Fall Risk, Risk Perception, Safety Care