关键词: HIV感染, 获得性免疫缺陷综合征, 披露, 体验, 心理护理, 质性研究

Abstract:

Objective To understand the psychological experience of HIV/AIDS patients for the disclosing of HIV to non-AIDS professionals，so as to provide references for promoting patients’ willingness to disclose HIV，and effectiveness and safety of diagnosis and treatment by both medical staff and patients. Methods From February 2021 to March 2022，by using purposive sampling method，semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 HIV/AIDS patients in a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang，China. The data was transcribed，analyzed，and refined by the Colaizzi’s method. Results The experience of HIV/AIDS patients to disclose HIV to non-AIDS professionals can be summarized into 3 themes. HIV/AIDS patients worried that the HIV disclosure would make them suffer from double stigma by medical staff，and there was self-stigma existing in the patient’s subconsciousness. They also feared that the HIV disclosure would damage the interests of individual to receive medical treatment. They hoped that the HIV disclosure reflect patients’ personal integrity. Conclusion HIV/AIDS patients generally have stigma when disclosing HIV to other specialized medical personnel. Cautious and concealed disclosure can avert discrimination or insult caused by improper disclosure. It is recommended to implement integrated palliative care intervention to reduce the stigmatization experience of patients，strengthen the training of HIV stigma awareness and coping skills，and call on the relevant functional departments of government and hospital to strengthen law enforcement supervision，guarantee the rights of doctors and patients，and create a comfortable medical environment for patients，so as to reduce the disclosure burden of HIV/AIDS patients and enhance the willingness of patients to disclose HIV.

Key words: HIV Infections, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Disclosure, Experience, Psychological Nursing, Qualitative Study