关键词: 老年人, 身体功能, 认知功能, 横断面调查, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current situation of function in the older people and explore the diversities among different settings，age，gender and residence area，so as to provide empirical support for meeting the differentiated and diversified service needs of the older people. Methods The physical and cognitive function of 12 141 older people in 9 provinces from the east，south，central，north，and southwest region of China were investigated by WeChat Mini Program. The physical function includes activity of daily living，balance，pace，strength，risk for fall，vision and hearing function. The missing value data was interpolated by multiple interpolation method. Results The results of our study showed that the incidence of basic and instrumental activities of daily living were 45.9% and 80.5% respectively，39.5% for balance impairment，68.1% for low walking speed，64.5% for low strength，32.7% for falling risk，41.0% for visual impairment，17.6% for hearing impairment，and 30.0% for cognitive impairment. The setting，age，gender，and residence can affect the physical and cognitive functions of the elderly. Conclusion The function of the older people need to be improved. Attention should be paid to physical and cognitive functions of older people who are elderly，female，living in nursing home or rural area，and the early monitoring and intervention of high-risk groups should be carried out. Eventually treatment procedure for the older people with different degrees and different dimensions of dysfunction can be developed，so as to meet the differentiated and diversified long-term care service needs.

Key words: Aged, Physical Function, Cognitive Function, Cross-Sectional Study, Nursing Care