关键词: 助产士, 产科护理, 岗位内容, 聚类分析, 护理管理研究, 卫生人力

Abstract:

Objective To understand the characteristics and classification of the post tasks of obstetric nursing staff and provide a basis for scientific management of obstetric human resources and standardization of obstetric care responsibilities. Methods A total of 503 midwives and obstetric nurses from Shanghai were recruited to complete a self-designed questionnaire,and the results were analyzed by cluster analysis. Results The post tasks of obstetric clinics are clustered into 2 categories： Class Ⅰ-basic tasks are done by nurses who are characterized by medium degrees,junior professional titles and high working ages;Class Ⅱ-advanced tasks are divided into nurses in charge and obstetricians in charge. The parts of nurses responsibilities are done by the nurses who are characterized by medium-high degrees,junior-intermediate professional titles and high working ages. The post tasks of delivery rooms are clustered into 2 categories： Class Ⅰ is in the charge of midwives,including natural delivery and abnormal delivery,and the midwives who execute the part of abnormal delivery have higher professional titles and working ages. Class Ⅱ is mainly in the charge of obstetricians. The post tasks of postpartum wards are clustered into 5 categories： Class I is the routine nursing content;Class II is the identification of postpartum critical signs,and the third category is personalized counseling including postpartum psychological problem screening. The Class IV and V are neonatal related items. The nurses from different categories have no statistical significance in characteristics. Conclusion The specialty content and personnel classification management of obstetric clinics and postpartum wards need to be strengthened. The obstetric nursing human resources should be managed according to the post content. At the same time,the advanced experience of foreign countries should be used to standardize the division of maternity medical care duties to promote natural childbirth and reduce the trend of over-medicalization of midwifery services.

Key words: Midwives, Obstetric Nursing, Post Tasks, Cluster Analysis, Nursing Administration Research, Health Manpower