婴幼儿照顾者的口腔健康照护能力评估量表的编制及信效度检验

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.10.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的编制婴幼儿照顾者的口腔健康照护能力评估量表并检验其信效度，为医护人员评估婴幼儿照顾者的口腔健康照护能力提供科学工具。方法以信息-动机-行为技巧模型为理论基础，通过文献回顾、质性访谈、专家函询、预调查形成初始版婴幼儿照顾者的口腔健康照护能力评估量表。采用便利抽样法，选取2023年5月—7月在青岛市某三级甲等专科医院儿童保健科就诊的218名婴幼儿照顾者进行调查，并进行项目分析及信效度检验；2023年8月—9月，选取在山东省及湖南省3所三级甲等综合医院儿童保健科就诊的330名婴幼儿照顾者，进一步验证量表结构的稳定性。结果婴幼儿照顾者的口腔健康照护能力评估量表包括喂养知识、口腔清洁及检查知识、口腔健康照护态度、口腔健康照护行为技巧4个维度，共27个条目。探索性因子分析提取4个公因子，累计方差贡献率为62.022%。量表总的Cronbach’s α系数为0.938，折半信度系数为0.774，重测信度系数为0.990。量表水平的内容效度指数为0.957，条目水平的内容效度指数为0.833~1.000；验证性因子分析结果显示，模型拟合良好，该量表因子结构稳定。结论婴幼儿照顾者的口腔健康照护能力评估量表具有良好的信效度，能够用于评估婴幼儿照顾者的口腔健康照护能力。

关键词: 婴幼儿, 照顾者, 口腔健康, 照护能力, 量表编制, 信度, 效度, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To develop an Oral Health Caring Ability Assessment Scale for Infants and Young Children Caregivers and test its reliability and validity，so as to provide a scientific tool for assessing the oral health caring ability of them. Methods Based on the IMB Skills Model，the initial version of the scale was formed through literature review，expert consultation，and pre-investigation. From May to July 2023，a total of 218 caregivers of infants and young children who were treated in the child health department of a tertiary A specialized hospital in Qingdao were selected by convenience sampling for project analysis and reliability and validity test. From August to September 2023，we selected 330 caregivers of infants and young children who were treated in the child health department of 3 tertiary A general hospitals in Shandong and Hunan Provinces by convenience sampling to further verify the stability of the scale structure. Results The Oral Health Caring Ability Assessment Scale for Caregivers of Infants and Young Children included 4 dimensions，including feeding knowledge，oral cleaning and examination knowledge，oral health caring attitude and oral health caring behavior skills，with a total of 27 items. According to exploratory factor analysis，4 common factors were extracted and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 62.022%. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.938；the split-half reliability was 0.774；the test-retest reliability was 0.990. The content validity index at the scale level was 0.957，and the content validity index at the item level was 0.833~1.000. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fitted well and the factor structure of the scale was stable. Conclusion The Oral Health Caring Ability Assessment Scale for Caregivers of Infants and Young Children has good reliability and validity，which can be used to assess the level of oral health caring ability for caregivers of infants and young children accurately.

Key words: Infants and Young Children, Caregiver, Oral Health, Caring Ability, Scale Development, Reliability, Validity, Pediatric Nursing

杨柳, 李智慧, 孔燕, 于桂玲. 婴幼儿照顾者的口腔健康照护能力评估量表的编制及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(10): 1218-1225.

YANG Liu, LI Zhihui, KONG Yan, YU Guiling. Development and reliability and validity tests of Oral Health Caring Ability Assessment Scale for Caregivers of Infants and Young Children[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(10): 1218-1225.

图/表 2

表1 婴幼儿照顾者的口腔健康照护能力评估量表探索性因子分析结果

Table 1 Results of exploratory factor analysis of Oral Health Caring Ability Assessment Scale for Caregivers of Infants and Young Children

表2 婴幼儿照顾者的口腔照护能力量表的聚合效度及区分效度

Table 2 Convergent validity and discriminant validity of Oral Health Caring Ability Assessment Scale for Caregivers of Infants and Young Children

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