老老照护能力评估量表的研制和信效度检验

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.10.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的研制老老照护能力评估量表并检验其信效度。方法以家庭照顾者照护能力模型、自我管理理论、整体护理模式为理论基础，参考“老年人能力评估规范”国家标准，通过文献回顾、半结构式访谈、专家函询、预调查形成量表初稿；采用便利抽样法，于2023年4月—8月选取湖北省、广东省等9个省份中符合纳入和排除标准的675例社区老老照护者进行调查，检验量表的信效度。结果老老照护能力评估量表包括3个维度、33个条目。总量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.99，折半信度为0.92，2周后重测信度为0.84；量表水平内容效度指数为0.94，各条目水平内容效度指数为0.83~1.00；探索性因子分析提取3个公因子，累计方差贡献率为85.88%；验证性因子分析显示卡方自由度比值为1.260、增值拟合指数为0.933、非规范适配指数为0.995、比较拟合指数为0.994，残差均方根为0.047、渐进残差均方和平方根为0.074。结论老老照护能力评估量表具有良好的信效度，可作为测量老老照护能力水平的评估工具。

关键词: 老老照护, 老年人, 照护能力, 照护者, 德尔菲技术, 信度, 效度, 量表

Abstract:

Objective To develop an aged care aptitude assessment scale and to test its reliability and validity. Methods Based on the family caregivers care aptitude model，self-management theory and holistic nursing model，and with reference to the national standard of “specification for ability assessment of older adults”，the first draft of the scale was formed through review of literature，semi-structured interviews，expert inquiry and pre-survey. From April to August 2023，675 aged caregivers in several communities in 9 provinces including Hubei，Guangdong etc. were investigated to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The aged care aptitude assessment scale included 3 dimensions and 33 items. The overall Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.99；the split-half reliability was 0.92；the two-week test-retest reliability was 0.84；the overall content validity index of the scale was 0.94；the content validity index of each item was 0.83—1.00；exploratory factor analysis extracted 3 common factors；the cumulative variance contribution rate was 85.88%； confirmatory factor analysis were χ²/df=1.260、IFI=0.993、TLI=0.995、CFI=0.994、RMR=0.047、RMSEA=0.074. Conclusion The aged care aptitude assessment scale has good reliability and validity，and it can be used as an assessment tool to measure the level of aged care aptitude for the aged.

Key words: The Aged Care for the Aged, Aged, Care Aptitude, Caregiver, Delphi Technology, Reliability, Validity, Scale

周幺玲, 夏瑾燕, 刘雪, 鲁莹, 颜巧元. 老老照护能力评估量表的研制和信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(10): 1180-1186.

ZHOU Yaoling, XIA Jinyan, LIU Xue, LU Ying, YAN Qiaoyuan. Development of an assessment scale of the aged care aptitude for the aged and test of its reliability and validity[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(10): 1180-1186.

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