安宁疗护护士共情能力量表的编制及信效度检验

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.13.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的编制安宁疗护护士共情能力量表并检验其信效度。方法以安宁疗护护士共情能力概念框架为指导，结合相关文献，在专家咨询、认知性访谈的基础上编制安宁疗护护士共情能力量表。2021年8月—11月，采用便利抽样法，在国内选取660名安宁疗护护士进行调查，检验量表的信效度。结果回收有效问卷600份，有效问卷回收率为90.91%。安宁疗护护士共情能力量表包括认知共情、情感共情、行为共情3个维度，共33个条目，累计方差贡献率为72.317%。量表条目水平的内容效度指数为0.900~1.000，平均量表水平的内容效度指数为0.987；校标关联效度为0.427；量表总的Cronbach’s α系数为0.979，重测信度为0.954。结论安宁疗护护士共情能力量表具有良好的信效度，可作为评估安宁疗护护士共情能力的有效工具。

关键词: 安宁疗护, 情感劳动, 共情能力, 量表, 信度, 效度, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Objective To develop an Empathy Ability Scale for Hospice Nurses，and to test its reliability and validity. Methods Based on the empathy ability conceptual structure of hospice nurses，the initial scale was formed and adjusted through literature analysis，expert consultation，and cognitive interview. The convenience sampling was adopted to select 660 hospice nurses from August to November 2021，and the data was used to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Results A total of 600 valid paper questionnaires were returned with a response rate of 90.91%. The scale consisted of 3 dimensions with a total of 33 items and a cumulative variance contribution of 72.317%. The 3 dimensions were named as “cognitive empathy”，“emotional empathy” and “behavioral empathy”. The content validity index of each item was 0.900~1.000，and the content validity index of the average scale level was 0.987；the criterion-related validity was 0.427；the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.979，and the 2-week retest reliability was 0.954. Conclusion Empathy Ability Scale for Hospice Nurses had good reliability and validity，and it can be used as a valid tool to assess empathy ability in hospice nurses.

Key words: Palliative Care, Emotional Labor, Empathy Ability, Scale, Reliability, Validity, Nursing Administration Research

王亚玲, 李惠玲. 安宁疗护护士共情能力量表的编制及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(13): 1565-1570.

WANG Yaling, LI Huiling. Development of Empathy Ability Scale for Hospice Nurses and the test of its reliability and validity[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2023, 58(13): 1565-1570.

图/表 2

参考文献 13

[1]	董雪, 何瑞仙, 高墨涵, 等. 基于健康相关生命质量理论的安宁疗护护士关怀与共情能力培养的实践[J]. 中国护理管理, 2021, 21(7):975-979.
	Dong X, He RX, Gao MH, et al. The cultivation of caring and empathy ability for hospice care nurses based on the health-related quality of life theory[J]. Chin Nurs Manag, 2021, 21(7):975-979.
[2]	Shen YH, Nilmanat K, Promnoi C. Palliative care nursing competence of Chinese oncology nurses and its related factors[J]. J Hosp Palliat Nurs, 2019, 21(5):404-411. DOI PMID
[3]	刘聪慧, 王永梅, 俞国良, 等. 共情的相关理论评述及动态模型探新[J]. 心理科学进展, 2009, 17(5):964-972.
	Liu CH, Wang YM, Yu GL, et al. Related theories and exploration on dynamic model of empathy[J]. Adv Psychol Sci, 2009, 17(5):964-972.
[4]	马玉蓉, 杨素云. 山西省安宁疗护护士关怀及共情能力调查研究[J]. 护理研究, 2020, 34(4):601-604.
	Ma YR, Yang SY. Investigation and study on caring and empathy ability of hospice nurses in Shanxi Province[J]. Chin Nurs Res, 2020, 34(4):601-604.
[5]	Diefendorff JM, Gosserand RH. Understanding the emotional labor process:a control theory perspective[J]. J Organiz Behav, 2003, 24(8):945-959. DOI URL
[6]	Vinson AH, Underman K. Clinical empathy as emotional labor in medical work[J]. Soc Sci Med, 2020, 251:112904. DOI URL
[7]	Wang YL, Yang ZW, Tang YZ, et al. A qualitative exploration of “empathic labor” in Chinese hospice nurses[J]. BMC Palliat Care, 2022, 21(1):23. DOI PMID
[8]	陈潇, 张玉侠. 认知性访谈在患者护理服务体验量表编制中的应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(1):83-89. DOI URL
	Chen X, Zhang YX. The application of cognitive interviews in the development of Patient Experience with Nursing Care Scale[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2022, 57(1):83-89. DOI URL
[9]	林蓓蕾, 张振香, 梅永霞, 等. 脑卒中患者行为决策评估量表的编制及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(13):1605-1610. DOI URL
	Lin BL, Zhang ZX, Mei YX, et al. Development and psychometric test of the Behavioral Decision-making Scale for Stroke Patients[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2022, 57(13):1605-1610. DOI URL
[10]	Hojat M, Louis DZ, Maxwell, et al. Patient perceptions of physician empathy,satisfaction with physician,interpersonal trust,and compliance[J]. Int J Med Educ, 2010, 1:83-87. DOI URL
[11]	安秀琴, 杨辉, 徐建萍, 等. 杰弗逊共情量表的编译及评价[J]. 护理研究, 2008, 22(22):2063-2064,2066.
	An XQ, Yang H, Xu JP, et al. Compilation and evaluation of Jefferson Empathy Scale[J]. Chin Nurs Res, 2008, 22(22):2063-2064,2066.
[12]	吴明隆. 问卷统计分析实务:SPSS操作与应用[M]. 重庆: 重庆大学出版社, 2010,194-296.
	Wu ML. Practice of questionnaire statistical analysis:SPSS operation and application[M]. Chongqing: Chongqing University Press, 2010,194-296.
[13]	支婷婷, 王艳波. 认知性访谈在创伤知情照护相关态度量表文化调适中的应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(3):343-347. DOI URL
	Zhi TT, Wang YB. Application of cognitive interview in cultural adjustment of Attitudes Related to Trauma-Informed Care Scale[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2022, 57(3):343-347. DOI URL

[1]	黄浩, 焦雨晨, 嵇艳. 三级综合医院急诊科护士置信职业行为指标的构建与验证[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(9): 1096-1103.
[2]	陈芳, 江智霞, 杨明静, 罗倩, 张霞. 贵州省ICU护理人员对机械通气患者口渴认知及干预行为的调查研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(9): 1104-1111.
[3]	王译曼, 李瑞玲, 张乐乐, 韩玲玉, 王园园, 梁冉, 张玉瑞. 正念干预在护士共情疲劳中应用的范围综述[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(9): 1142-1148.
[4]	崔璀, 郑显兰, 陈文劲, 李双子. 癫痫青少年至成人过渡期准备评估问卷的汉化和信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(8): 1017-1024.
[5]	刘苑菲, 徐语同, 马亚君, 刘永刚, 崔念奇, 张玉萍, 马伟光, 金静芬. 三级综合医院成人ICU护士伦理冲突现状及影响因素研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(8): 915-920.
[6]	姚鑫, 文司棋, 沈媛媛, 宋梓菱, 陈燕燕, 张佩华, 黄小琼. 护士组织沉默现状及潜在剖面分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(8): 921-928.
[7]	廖芳, 陶秀秀, 贲艳丽, 李萍. 新疆维吾尔自治区规范化培训护士工作准备度现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(8): 929-934.
[8]	陈雨沁, 刘义兰, 丁芳, 戴冬梅, 范玲, 韩影, 张丰健. 临床护士整体人文关怀感知量表的编制及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(8): 935-941.
[9]	廖俪雯, 王琳. 护士心理弹性干预的研究进展[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(8): 942-948.
[10]	李琴, 刘婷, 张珊, 燕菊, 张嫣然, 苗秀欣. 痛风患者疾病感知评估量表的编制及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(7): 836-842.
[11]	余舒欣, 林荣, 祝雪花. 政策工具视角下国内护理卫生政策的文本分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(7): 843-849.
[12]	胡鹏, 李琴, 杨媛, 黎海阳, 张成娟, 雒敏. “护士银行”模式短期效应的实证研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(7): 850-856.
[13]	李云霞, 雷先阳, 宁檬, 刘义婷, 谢建平, 曹桂英, 刘齐祥, 李亚敏. 心理痛苦耐受性量表的汉化及在青年HIV感染者/AIDS患者中的信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(7): 891-897.
[14]	李珍, 周梦, 陈露娜, 曲瑞杰, 陈思诺, 王惠玲. 癌症患者工作生活质量量表的汉化及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(6): 695-700.
[15]	史广玲, 张燕红, 张戈, 王丽萍, 刘娟, 朱水兵, 牛程麟. ICU跌倒风险评估工具的汉化及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(6): 763-768.