家庭参与式护理模式下支气管肺发育不良早产儿2岁内再入院的影响因素分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.12.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨家庭参与式护理模式下支气管肺发育不良（bronchopulmonary dysplasia,BPD）早产儿2岁内再入院的影响因素。方法选择2017年1月—2018年12月温州市某三级甲等医院新生儿重症监护室收治的胎龄≤32周进行家庭参与式护理的BPD早产儿作为研究对象,根据首次出院后至2岁内是否再入院分成未再入院组和再入院组。回顾性收集住院时的临床及随访资料,分析其再入院的影响因素。结果共178例BPD早产儿完成随访,其中98例（55.06%）未再入院,80例（44.94%）再入院。Logistic回归分析结果显示,家庭式护理的宣教人数≥3名（OR=5.806）和重度BPD（OR=2.725）为BPD早产儿2岁内再入院的危险因素（P<0.05）;接受家庭氧疗（OR=0.311）是再入院的保护性因素（P=0.001）。结论在院开展家庭参与式护理期间,宣教人数不宜过多,宣教内容需同质化,规范化;对中重度BPD早产儿家庭需要进行必要的家庭氧疗培训;进行出院随访时需关注早产儿家庭氧疗的开展情况。

关键词: 家庭参与式护理, 支气管发育不良, 再入院, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To explore the influencing factors of re-admission of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia（BPD） within 2 years under the family participatory care model. Methods BPD premature infants with gestational age of 32 weeks or less admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in Wenzhou from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into a non-readmission group and a readmission group according to whether they were readmitted between the first discharge to 2 years old. Their clinical data during hospitalization and follow-up data under family participatory care were retrospectively analyzed,and the influencing factors of readmission were analyzed. Results A total of 178 BPD preterm infants were followed up,of which 98（55.06%） were not readmitted and 80（44.94%） were readmitted. Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of receiving nursing education was over 3 persons（OR=5.806） and severe BPD（OR=2.725） were the risk factors for BPD premature infants to be readmitted to hospital within 2 years of age（P<0.05）. Receiving home oxygen therapy（OR=0.311） was a protective factor for read-mission（P=0.001）. Conclusion During the period of carrying out family participatory care in the hospital,the number of receiving nursing education should not be too much,and the contents should be homogenized and standardized. Families of premature infants with moderate to severe BPD need to receive necessary training in home oxygen therapy,and the conducting of home oxygen therapy should be paid attention during discharge follow-up.

Key words: Family Participatory Care, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Readmission, Pediatric Nursing

周瑞茜, 倪王平, 柯若, 陈晓春. 家庭参与式护理模式下支气管肺发育不良早产儿2岁内再入院的影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(12): 1481-1485.

ZHOU Ruixi, NI Wangping, KE Ruo, CHEN Xiaochun. Risk analysis of readmission of preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia within 2 years of age based on the family participatory care model in the NICU[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2022, 57(12): 1481-1485.

图/表 2

表1 支气管肺发育不良早产儿2岁内再入院影响因素的单因素分析

Table 1 Univariate analysis of influencing factors for readmission in the second year of bronchopulmonary dysplasia preterm infants

表2 支气管肺发育不良早产儿2岁内再入院影响因素的多因素分析（n=178）

Table 2 Multifactor analysis of influencing factors for hospital readmission within 2 years of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia（n=178）

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