老年慢性心力衰竭患者照顾者准备度现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.14.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨老年慢性心力衰竭患者照顾者准备度现状及影响因素。方法 2021年 3月—2022年4月，采用便利抽样法，选取杭州市6所医院住院的335例老年慢性心力衰竭患者的照顾者作为调查对象。使用一般资料调查表、照顾者准备度量表、照顾者负担量表对老年慢性心力衰竭患者的照顾者进行调查。结果共回收有效问卷326份，老年慢性心力衰竭患者照顾者准备度量表得分为（18.88±6.36）分，61.04%的照顾者存在轻中度照顾负担；多元线性回归分析结果显示，照顾者的年龄、文化程度、累计照顾时间、照顾负担是照顾者准备度的独立影响因素（P<0.001）。结论老年慢性心力衰竭患者照顾者准备度处于中等水平，照顾者的年龄大、文化程度高、累计照顾时间长、照顾负担轻的照顾者准备度更充分，医护人员应关注照顾者照顾动机，给予多方位支持，降低照顾负担，提升准备度。

关键词: 慢性心力衰竭, 照顾者, 准备度, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of caregiver readiness of elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Methods From March 2021 to April 2022，the convenient sampling method was used to select 335 caregivers of elderly patients with chronic heart failure who were hospitalized in 6 hospitals in Hangzhou as the survey subjects. The general information questionnaire，Caregiver Readiness Scale and Caregiver Burden Scale were used to investigate the caregivers of elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Results A total of 326 valid questionnaires were collected.The score of Caregiver Readiness Scale for elderly patients with chronic heart failure was（18.88±6.36），and 61.04% of the caregivers had mild to moderate burden. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the caregiver’s age，education level and cumulative care time were the positive influencing factors of the caregiver readiness，and the caregiver burden was the negative influencing factor of the caregiver readiness（P<0.001）. Conclusion The caregiver readiness of elderly patients with chronic heart failure is at a medium level. Caregivers who are older, more educated, have a longer cumulative caregiving time, and have a lighter caregiving burden are more prepared. Medical staff should pay attention to the motivation of caregivers，provide professional support from multiple aspects，and reduce the burden of care，increase readiness level.

Key words: Chronic Heart Failure, Caregivers, Readiness, Nursing Care

王超群, 俞梦盈, 刘畅, 赵林芳, 郑贝贝, 刘欣, 倪佳佳, 金建芬. 老年慢性心力衰竭患者照顾者准备度现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(14): 1706-1712.

WANG Chaoqun, YU Mengying, LIU Chang, ZHAO Linfang, ZHENG Beibei, LIU Xin, NI Jiajia, JIN Jianfen. The status of caregiver readiness of elderly patients with chronic heart failure and its influencing factors[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(14): 1706-1712.

图/表 3

表1 老年慢性心力衰竭患者和照顾者一般资料及照顾者准备度量表得分的单因素分析（n=326）

Table 1 Univariate analysis of general information and Caregiver Preparedness Scale scores in elderly patients with chronic heart failure（n=326）

表2 自变量赋值

Table 2 Assignment of included variables

表3 多元线性回归分析结果

Table 3 Results of multiple linear regression analysis

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