洗胃管路固定装置的改进及应用

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.05.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨改进的洗胃管路固定装置在急诊科中毒患者洗胃操作中的应用效果。方法改进的洗胃管路固定装置包括螺旋母滑栓、面颊固定带、防误吸侧口、唇齿保护层和咬口器主体。选取2019年12月—2020年12月沈阳市某三级甲等综合医院急诊科中毒洗胃患者98例作为研究对象,将患者随机分为试验组与对照组,每组各49例。试验组采用改进的洗胃管路固定装置进行洗胃操作,对照组采用传统咬口器装置配合人力辅助固定法进行洗胃操作,将两组洗胃操作的管路移位次数、拔管次数、管路咬瘪次数、洗胃时间及洗胃过程中发生的并发症进行比较。结果试验组洗胃操作的管路移位次数、拔管次数、管路咬瘪次数、洗胃时间及洗胃过程中发生的并发症例数明显少于对照组,两组比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论急诊科中毒患者洗胃操作中使用洗胃管路固定装置,可有效缩短洗胃时间、节省人力资源、提高洗胃效率、降低洗胃风险及减少并发症。

关键词: 急诊, 洗胃, 中毒, 管路固定, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the application effect of gastric lavage fixed device in gastric lavage operation of emergency poisoning patients. Methods The improved device includes spiral mother bolt,buccal fixation belt,anti-suction side mouth,lip and tooth protective layer and the main body of the bite device,so as to solve the problems,such as gastric cleaning pipeline is difficult to be properly fixed,gastric reflux retention in the mouth,and lip skin damage. A total of 98 patients with poisoning and gastric lavage in the emergency department of a tertiary A hospital in Shenyang from December 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled as the research subjects. The patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group by random number table method,with 49 patients in each group. In the control group,the traditional mouthpiece device and human-assisted fixation method were used for gastric lavage,while in the experimental group,the improved fixed device of gastric lavage and lavage pipeline were used for gastric lavage. The number of displacement,extubation,tube bite,the time of gastric lavage and complications during gastric lavage were compared between the 2 groups. Results The number of displacement,extubation,tube bite,the time of gastric lavage and complications during gastric lavage in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the differences between the 2 groups were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The fixed device of gastric lavage pipeline can effectively shorten gastric lavage time,save human resources,improve gastric lavage efficiency,reduce gastric lavage risks and reduce complications in gastric lavage operation of emergency poisoning patients.

Key words: Emergency, Gastric Lavage, Poisoning, Pipeline Fixation, Nursing Care

张博泉, 赵爽. 洗胃管路固定装置的改进及应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(5): 631-634.

ZHANG Boquan, ZHAO Shuang. Improvement and application of fixed device of gastric lavage pipeline[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2022, 57(5): 631-634.

图/表 5

图1 洗胃管路固定装置正面注：1.螺旋母滑栓;2.面颊固定带;3.防误吸侧口。

Figure 1 Front of the fixed device of lavage pipeline

图2 洗胃管路固定装置侧面注：1.螺旋母滑栓;2.唇齿保护层;3.咬口器主体。

Figure 2 Side of the fixed device of lavage pipeline

表1 两组一般资料情况比较

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between the two groups

表2 两组管路移位次数、拔管次数、管路咬瘪及洗胃时间比较

Table 2 Comparison of incidence of adverse events and gastric lavage time between the two groups

表3 两组并发症发生情况比较[例（百分率,%）]

Table 3 Comparison of morbidity of complications between the two groups

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