关键词: 创伤骨科, 禁食, 禁水, 手术前护理, 干预性研究

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effect of preoperative fasting on rapid recovery among patients with orthopaedic trauma undergoing elective surgery.Methods A prospective control study was conducted among 144 patients undergoing elective surgery in the department of traumatic orthopaedics in our hospital from January to June 2018,and 75 patients were assigned into in the intervention group and 69 patients in the control group according to the random number table method. In the intervention group,the preoperative fasting procedure was optimized,and maltodextrin and fructose beverages were given according to the preoperative time. The control group used the traditional fasting program at 24：00 a.m. the day before the surgery. The subjective feelings（anxiety,thirst,hunger,nausea,fatigue,dizziness,sweating,and stomach discomfort）,blood sugar and adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results The average preoperative length of food fasting in the intervention group was（7.6±0.9） h,and in the control group it was （14.4±5.0） h. There was significant difference between two groups（P<0.01）. The average length of water fasting before surgery in the intervention group was （4.5±2.9） h,and that in the control group was（14.3±3.9） h. There was significant difference between two groups（P<0.01）. In terms of subjective feelings,the perioperative anxiety,thirst and stomach discomfort in the intervention group were better than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The blood sugar in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 1 hour before surgery（P<0.001）. There were no serious adverse reactions in both groups.Conclusion Preoperative fasting process optimization shortens the length of fasting,improves subjective feelings of patients,and is safe and feasible.

Key words: Orthopaedic Trauma, Fasting, Water Deprivation, Preoperative Care, Intervention Studies