To summarize the nursing points of enterostomy among 6 children with small intestinal transplantation，which could provide references for clinical nursing. Key points：to set up a multidisciplinary team and develop an observation plan about enterostomy；to monitor the blood circulation of enterostomy closely，so as to identify the vascular complications as soon as possible；to closely observe the excrement of enterostomy and being vigilant for rejection reaction；to select reasonable nursing supplies based on the situation of enterostomy；to treat the abdominal incision fluid leakage timely，and pay attention to protect the skin around the enterostomy and take measures to control infection；furthermore，to attach great importance to continuous nursing care and improve the quality of home care. After above careful treatment，all the 6 children survived；they were discharged from hospital 3~4 months later after the operation of enterostomy restoration. Followed up 2~4 months，6 children recovered well.

To summarize the nursing care of a child with vascular anastomotic thrombosis after living small bowel transplantation. Essentials for nursing care：early identification of vascular anastomotic thrombosis and emergency care；negative pressure occlusion drainage therapy to timely treatment of incision infection；implementing individualized nutrition support programmes to improve nutritional status；dynamic monitoring of immunosuppressant plasma concentration，and being vigilant for rejection reaction；paying attention to the mental health of children and providing psychological support；developing a follow-up plan for continuity of care. After 29 days of careful treatment and nursing care，the child’s condition improved and was successfully transferred to the general ward，and discharged 67 days after surgery. At 2 months of follow-up after discharge，the intestinal function of the child recovered well，and the child can eat by himself presently.

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of dysphagia in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）. Methods A total of 1 268 elderly patients with COPD hospitalized in the respiratory department of 13 general hospitals in Ningxia were selected by convenience sampling method from April 2019 to August 2020. Patients were investigated by the general information questionnaire，the Water Swallowing Test，Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale，Activities of Daily Living，the Geriatric Depression Scale，the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form，COPD Assessment Test Scale，the FRAIL debilitation assessment scale. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the influencing factors of dysphagia in COPD patients with statistically significant variables. Results The incidence of dysphagia in elderly COPD patients was 20.39%. Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking status，tooth loss，feeding attention，feeding position，PaCO₂，dyspnea，nutritional status and COPD severity were the influential factors of dysphagia（P<0.05）. Conclusion The incidence of dysphagia in elderly COPD patients is higher. COPD patients with severe disease，high degree of dyspnea，high PaCO₂，long-term smoking，number of missing teeth≥6，malnutrition，not paying attention to eating，and semi-recumbent position have a higher risk of dysphagia. Clinical medical staff can formulate relevant intervention measures according to the influencing factors to prevent the occurrence of dysphagia.

To summarize the nursing experience of a child with hepatolenticular degeneration complicated by renal failure undergoing liver transplantation. The main points of nursing include strict monitoring of kidney function,good anticoagulation management,timely adjustment of treatment plans,personalized rehabilitation and diet guidance,strict implementation of disinfection and isolation measures throughout the process,close monitoring of transplanted liver function,and provision of a hospital-family-social support system. After careful treatment and care,the child was discharged on foot 55 days after the operation. The patient was followed up for 6 months and recovered well.

Evaluation of sedation level guides sedation behavior and it is an important basis for formulating sedation management plans for children. This paper mainly reviews the contents,features,advantages and limitations of the assessment tools for pediatric sedation,compares the basic conditions and clinical applications of the scales,and attempts to provide a reference for clinical nurses to choose appropriate assessment tools and improvement of sedation assessment accuracy.