静态牵伸在单髁置换术患者围手术期康复护理中的应用

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.12.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨静态牵伸联合循序渐进康复护理在单髁置换术患者围手术期康复护理中的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2022年1月—2023年6月在北京市某三级甲等医院骨科择期行单髁置换患者74例，采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组，每组各37例。试验组给予静态牵伸与循序渐进康复护理，对照组仅给予循序渐进康复护理，持续干预4周。比较两组干预前后的膝关节活动度、膝关节功能得分、舒适度和康复自我效能感的得分。结果最终试验组纳入35例，对照组纳入36例。试验组干预后的膝关节活动度、膝关节功能得分、舒适度得分、康复自我效能感得分均高于干预前及对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论静态牵伸联合循序渐进康复护理可有效改善单髁置换术患者的膝关节功能及活动度，提高患者的舒适度，提升其生活质量，增进其康复自我效能感，有助于实现早日康复。

关键词: 单髁置换术, 静态牵伸, 康复护理, 膝关节功能

Abstract:

Objective To explore the application value of static progressive stretch（SPS） combined with step-wise progressive rehabilitation nursing in perioperative rehabilitation nursing of patients with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty（UKA）. Methods From January 2022 to June 2023，a total of 74 patients who were scheduled to undergo UKA in the Department of Orthopedics of a tertiary A hospital in Beijing were selected by the convenient sampling method and divided into 2 groups by the random number table method，with 37 cases in each group. The experimental group was given step-by-step rehabilitation nursing combined with SPS technology，while the control group was only given step-by-step rehabilitation nursing，and the intervention lasted for 4 weeks. The knee joint activity，knee joint function score，comfort，and rehabilitation self-efficacy of the 2 groups were observed and measured before and after the intervention. Results Finally，35 patients were included in the experimental group and 36 patients in the control group. After the intervention，the knee joint range of motion，knee joint function score，comfort，rehabilitation self-efficacy and all dimensions and their total scores in the experimental group were higher than those before the intervention and those in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion SPS combined with progressive rehabilitation nursing can effectively improve the knee joint function and range of motion of patients after UKA，improve the comfort of patients，improve their quality of life，and enhance their rehabilitation self-efficacy，which is helpful to achieve early recovery.

Key words: Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty, Static Stretch, Rehabilitation Nursing, Knee Joint Function

陈玉娥, 高远, 孔丹, 谷思琪, 康珊珊, 解涛. 静态牵伸在单髁置换术患者围手术期康复护理中的应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(12): 1462-1467.

CHEN Yu’e, GAO Yuan, KONG Dan, GU Siqi, KANG Shanshan, XIE Tao. Application of static progressive stretch in perioperative rehabilitation nursing of patients with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(12): 1462-1467.

图/表 4

表1 单髁置换术患者围手术期康复护理干预方案

Table 1 Perioperative rehabilitation nursing intervention for UKA patients

表2 两组一般资料的比较

Table 2 Comparison of general information between the 2 groups

表3 两组干预前后膝关节活动度的比较（°，$\bar{x}±s$）

Table 3 Comparison of knee joint range of motion before and after intervention between the 2 groups（°，$\bar{x}±s$）

表4 两组干预前后膝关节功能得分、舒适度得分和康复自我效能感得分的比较（分，$\bar{x}±s$）

Table 4 Comparison of knee joint function score，comfort score and rehabilitation self-efficacy scores between the 2 groups before and after intervention（scores，$\bar{x}±s$）

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