住院老年眩晕患者衰弱现状及影响因素研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.02.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查住院老年眩晕患者衰弱的发生现状，并分析其影响因素，为眩晕患者衰弱的评估与干预提供借鉴。方法 2021年5月—2022年5月，采用便利抽样法，选取济南市某三级甲等医院的200例住院老年眩晕患者，采用患者一般情况调查表、Tilburg衰弱量表、眩晕障碍量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、Barthel指数评定量表和营养风险筛查表2002进行调查。结果共回收188例住院老年眩晕患者的资料，121例发生衰弱，衰弱发生率为64.36%，老年眩晕患者衰弱总分为（6.69±4.51）分，其中躯体衰弱得分为（3.14±2.69）分，心理衰弱得分为（1.95±1.63）分，社会衰弱得分为（1.60±0.94）分。多元线性回归分析结果显示，年龄、运动频次、再次入院、多重用药、白蛋白水平、合并症数量、营养风险、眩晕严重程度、睡眠质量是老年眩晕患者发生衰弱的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论老年眩晕患者衰弱发生率较高，高龄、合并症数量多、多重用药、再次入院、白蛋白水平低、有营养风险、睡眠质量差、眩晕严重程度高的老年眩晕患者更易发生衰弱，运动频次高是老年眩晕患者衰弱的保护因素。护理人员应重视对老年眩晕患者衰弱的评估，及时采取有针对性的护理干预措施，预防或延缓老年眩晕患者衰弱的发生发展。

关键词: 眩晕, 老年人, 衰弱, 影响因素分析, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current situation of frailty and its influencing factors in elderly patients with vertigo，so as to provide references for nursing interventions. Methods Totally 200 elderly patients with vertigo were selected from a tertiary hospital in Jinan via convenience sampling method，and they were investigated by self-designed general information questionnaire，Tilburg Frailty Indicator，Dizziness Handicap Inventory，Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index，the Barthel Index and Nutrition Risk Screening 2002. Results A total of 121 elderly patients with vertigo suffered from frailty with the prevalence of 64.36%. The mean score of total frailty was（6.69±4.51），and the scores for each dimension were as follows：physical frailty（3.14±2.69），psychological frailty（1.95±1.63） and social frailty（1.60±0.94）. Multiple linear regression showed that aging，exercise habits，readmission，albumin，the number of commodities，nutritional risk，degree of dizziness handicap，and sleep quality were the influencing factors of frailty in elderly patients with vertigo（P<0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence of frailty in elderly patients with vertigo was at a high level，containing different degrees of physical，psychological and social frailty. Medical staff should pay attention to the assessment of frailty in elderly patients with vertigo，and take timely and targeted nursing interventions to prevent or delay the occurrence and development of frailty.

Key words: Vertigo, Aged, Frailty, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care

王洪梅, 李娜, 王红, 张洪蕾, 朱桂香, 夏晓妹. 住院老年眩晕患者衰弱现状及影响因素研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(2): 205-210.

WANG Hongmei, LI Na, WANG Hong, ZHANG Honglei, ZHU Guixiang, XIA Xiaomei. The current situation and influential factors of frailty in elderly patients with vertigo[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2023, 58(2): 205-210.

图/表 3

表1 老年眩晕患者衰弱的单因素分析（n=188）

Table 1 Univariate analysis of general information on frailty（n=188）

表2 自变量赋值表

Table 2 Assignment of arguments

表3 老年眩晕患者衰弱的多元线性回归分析（n=188）

Table 3 Multiple linear regression analysis of frailty in elderly patients with vertigo（n=188）

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